Gold-filled is composed of a solid layer of 14k gold, which must constitute at least 5% of the item's total weight, mechanically bonded /plated to a base metal (alloy of brass or copper).
18kt Gold plated is a thin layer of 18kt gold plated over a brass base.
Gold Vermeil (pronounced ver-may), is composed of a thin layer (2.5 microns or .0025mm) of 22-24k gold, mechanically bonded / plated to a sterling silver base.
So which one is the most durable over time? Gold filled will give you the most durability over time, with the finish and lustre lasting for years.